## **PRACTICAL 1: Implementing Failover Cluster on Windows**

**Aim:**
To implement a Failover Cluster on Windows Server 2022.

**File Used:**
Windows Server 2022 ISO file

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open VMware → Create a new Virtual Machine.

**Step 2:** Browse and select the ISO file **WindowsServer2022.iso**.

**Step 3:** Give a name for the VM → Click **Next**.

**Step 4:** Keep default storage capacity → Choose **Split virtual disk into multiple files**.

**Step 5:** Click on **Customize Hardware**.

**Step 6:** Set **Memory** to 1 GB → Configure **Network Adapter → Custom specific virtual network** → Click **Finish**.

**Step 7:** Power on the virtual machine.

**Step 8:** Press **Ctrl + E** → Open **This PC** → Right-click → **Properties**.

**Step 9:** Click on **Rename this PC (Advanced)** → Enter a name → Click **Change** → **OK**.

**Step 10:** Restart the VM to apply changes.

**Step 11:** Go to **Settings → Network and Sharing Center → Ethernet** → Click **Properties**.

**Step 12:** Click **Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)** → Add IP address: **192.168.1.35** and appropriate **Subnet Mask**.

**Step 13:** Open **Server Manager → Add Roles and Features**.

**Step 14:** Select **Active Directory Domain Services** → Add required features → Click **Next**.

**Step 15:** Select **Failover Clustering** → Add required features → Click **Next**.

**Step 16:** Click **Install** → Wait for installation to complete → Click **Close**.

**Step 17:** Click on the **Flag (Notification) icon** → **Promote this server to a domain controller**.

**Step 18:** Select **Add a new forest** → Enter root domain name (must end with `.com`) → Click **Next**.

**Step 19:** Enter domain password: **root@2108** → Click **Next**.

**Step 20:** Keep default selections for remaining options → Click **Next** until prerequisites are checked.

**Step 21:** If any error occurs, open **CMD as Administrator** and type the following:

```cmd
cd\
net user administrator "root@2108"
net user administrator /passwordreq:yes
```

**Step 22:** Rerun prerequisites check → Click **Install** → Restart the system.

**Step 23:** Log in with the administrator password → Open **Server Manager → Tools → Failover Cluster Manager**.

**Step 24:** Click **Validate Configuration** → Click **Next** → Browse → Advanced → Find Now → Next.

**Step 25:** Run **All Tests** → Click **Next** → View Report → Finish.

**Step 26:** To create the cluster, open **Failover Cluster Manager → Create Cluster** → Click **Next**.

**Step 27:** Browse → Advanced → Find Now → Next.

**Step 28:** Name the cluster as **ROOT_123** → Click **Next** → Next → Next.

**Step 29:** Click **View Report** → Click **Finish**.

**Expected Output:**
Failover Cluster **ROOT_123** is successfully created and displayed under **Failover Cluster Manager**.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## **PRACTICAL 2: Implement VMware ESXi Server with vSphere Client**

**Aim:**
To implement VMware ESXi Server and manage it using vSphere Client.

**File Used:**
`VMware-VMvisor-installer-5.1.0-xxxx.iso`

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open VMware Workstation → Create a new Virtual Machine.

**Step 2:** Browse and select the VMware ESXi ISO file → Click **Next**.

**Step 3:** Give a name for the VM → Click **Next**.

**Step 4:** Keep default storage capacity → Choose **Split virtual disk into multiple files** → Click **Next**.

**Step 5:** Click **Customize Hardware** → Set memory, CPU, and network as required → Click **Finish**.

**Step 6:** VMware will create the virtual machine → Wait for the creation process to complete.

**Step 7:** Power on the VM → Press **Enter** to continue.

**Step 8:** For installation, press **Enter**.

**Step 9:** Accept the License Agreement → Press **F11**.

**Step 10:** Keep default keyboard settings → Press **Enter**.

**Step 11:** Enter **root password** and confirm (e.g., `1234567`) → Click **Enter** to continue.

**Step 12:** Press **F11** to start installation → Installation will begin.

**Step 13:** After installation, press **Enter** to reboot.

**Step 14:** Note the **DHCP IP Address** assigned to the ESXi server (e.g., `192.168.10.137`).

**Step 15:** Press **F2** to customize the system → Enter username `root` and the password set earlier (`1234567`).

**Step 16:** Start **VMware vSphere Client** → Enter the IP address of the ESXi server, username `root`, and password → Click **Login**.

**Step 17:** Click **Ignore** on the security warning → The vSphere Client interface will open.

**Step 18:** After login, click on **Inventory** → Go to **Configuration Tab → Hardware → Storage** → Right-click **datastore1** → Select **Browse Datastore…**

**Step 19:** In the Datastore Browser → Click **Upload File** → Upload the required ISO file (e.g., `Microsoft Windows Server 2012 ISO`).

**Step 20:** On the left panel, right-click on the IP address of ESXi → Select **New Virtual Machine…**

**Step 21:** In **Create New Virtual Machine**, select **Typical** → Click **Next** → Enter VM name (e.g., `ESXi VM`) → Click **Next**.

**Step 22:** Keep default storage settings → Click **Next**.

**Step 23:** Select **Guest OS** as Windows → Version: `Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (32-bit)` → Leave network settings default → Click **Next**.

**Step 24:** Assign disk space for the VM (e.g., 1 GB) → Click **Next** → Click **Finish**.

**Step 25:** The newly created VM will appear under the ESXi server IP in the Inventory.

**Step 26:** Right-click on the VM → **Edit Settings → Network Adapter** → Check **Connect at power on**.

**Step 27:** Right-click on the VM → **Edit Settings → CD/DVD Drive** → Select **Datastore ISO file** → Browse and attach the Windows Server ISO uploaded earlier.

**Step 28:** Power on the VM → The installation of the guest OS will begin from the attached ISO.

**Expected Output:**
The VMware ESXi Server is installed successfully, and a new virtual machine is created and managed through the vSphere Client. The VM should be ready to install Windows Server from the uploaded ISO.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## **PRACTICAL 3: Implementing Google App Engine**

**Aim:**
To implement an application on Google App Engine (GAE).

**Software/Tools Required:**

* Google Cloud Console
* GitHub repository containing application code
* Python environment (for executing scripts)

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open any web browser → Search for **“Google Cloud Console”** → Click on **Cloud Overview → Dashboard**.

**Step 2:** Click on **My Projects** → Click **New Project** → Create a new project with a suitable name.

**Step 3:** Click on the project you created → Search for **“Admin API”** in the search bar → Click **Enable**.

**Step 4:** Open Chrome → Go to GitHub → Navigate to user **“neeraj24kumar”** → Open the repository **GAE-1** → Copy the repository link:

```
https://github.com/neeraj24kumar/GAE-1.git
```

**Step 5:** Go back to Google Cloud Console → Open **Activate Cloud Shell** (button at the top-right corner) → A terminal will appear at the bottom of the screen.

**Step 6:** In Cloud Shell terminal, execute the following commands:

```
git clone https://github.com/neeraj24kumar/GAE-1.git   # Clone the repository
ls                                                    # View the list of files and folders
cd GAE-1                                              # Navigate to GAE-1 folder
ls                                                    # List the files in GAE-1 folder
python Lp-1.py                                       # Execute the Python script
```

* Output: `"hello"` appears → This confirms that the script executed successfully.

**Step 7:** To clean up and remove all cloned files and folders, run:

```
cd ..                 # Move back to parent directory
rm -rf GAE-1          # Remove the GAE-1 folder completely
ls                    # Verify the folder has been deleted
```

**Expected Output:**

* Application script executes successfully, displaying `"hello"`.
* The repository folder can be safely removed after execution.

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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## **PRACTICAL 4: Implementing IaaS using Eucalyptus**

**Aim:**
To implement Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) using Eucalyptus.

**Software/Tools Required:**

* VMware Workstation 17x
* Eucalyptus Faststart 3.4.1 ISO file

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open VMware Workstation → Click **Next** → Click **Browse** → Select the file **Eucalyptus-faststart-3.4.1.iso**.

**Step 2:** Select **Linux** as the guest OS → Version: **CentOS 6 (64-bit)**.

**Step 3:** Give the virtual machine a name: **Eucalyptus**.

**Step 4:** Select **Manual Disk** → Disk Size: 40 GB → Choose **Store virtual disk as a single file**.

**Step 5:** Click **Customize Hardware** → Assign **Memory: 4 GB** → Set **CPU Cores: 2** → Enable **Virtualize Intel VT-x/EPT** → Network Adapter → **Bridged Network** → Click **Close** → **Start the VM**.

**Step 6:** On boot, select **Install CentOS 6 with Eucalyptus Cloud-in-a-Box** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 7:** Click **Skip** → Click **OK** on any prompts.

**Step 8:** On installation screen → Click **Next**.

**Step 9:** Select **English** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 10:** Select **U.S. English** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 11:** Click **Yes, discard any data** if prompted.

**Step 12:** Go to **Advanced Network Configuration** → Select **eth0** → Click **Edit**.

**Step 13:** Add the following network configuration:

* IP Address: 192.168.1.20
* Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
* Gateway: 192.168.1.30 → Click **Apply** → Click **Next**.

**Step 14:** Select **Region: Asia, City: Kolkata** → Click **Next**.

**Step 15:** Create a **root password** → Click **Next**.

**Step 16:** Configure **Public IP Range: 192.168.1.20–192.168.1.30**, DNS Server: 192.168.1.30 → Click **Next**.

**Step 17:** Select **Create Custom Layout** → Click **Next**.

**Step 18:** Create **Standard Partitions**:

* `/boot` → 100 MB
* Swap → 200 MB
* `/` → Remaining disk space → Fill to maximum allowable size → Click **OK** for each → Click **Next**.

**Step 19:** Click **Format** → Confirm **Write Changes to Disk** → Click **Next** → **Finish**.

**Step 20:** Click **Reboot**.

**Step 21:** Accept **License Agreement** → Click **Forward**.

**Step 22:** Enter your **Username, Full Name, Password** → Confirm Password → Click **Forward** → Click **Finish**.

**Step 23:** Log in using the username and password created → The **Eucalyptus User Console** opens.

**Step 24:** Click **Understand the risk** → Add exception → Login to Eucalyptus.

**Step 25:** To create an instance:

* Click **Launch New Instance**
* Select instance type → Give **Instance Name: Eucalyptus** → Key Name: **yogesh**
* Security: Select **None**, leave others as default → Click **Next** → Click **Launch Instance**

**Step 26:** After launching, the instance will appear in the console window.

**Expected Output:**

* Eucalyptus instance successfully created and displayed in the **Eucalyptus User Console**.
* Instance can be started, stopped, or terminated from the console.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## **PRACTICAL 5: Manage XenServer with XenCenter**

**Aim:**
To manage XenServer with XenCenter and create a virtual machine using network-shared ISO.

**Software/Tools Required:**

1. VMware Workstation
2. XenServer 8 ISO
3. XenCenter

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open VMware Workstation → File → New Virtual Machine.

**Step 2:** Select **Typical (Recommended)** → Click **Next**.

**Step 3:** Browse and select the ISO file **XenServer-8.2.0-install-cd.iso** → Click **Next**.

**Step 4:** Set Guest OS as **VMware ESXi** → Version: **VMware ESXi 5** → Name the VM as **XenServer**.

**Step 5:** Set **Maximum Disk Size: 100 GB** → Choose **Store virtual disk as a single file** → Click **Next** → Click **Customize Hardware** → Set **Memory: 2 GB** → Close → Click **Finish**.

**Step 6:** Power ON the XenServer VM.

**Step 7:** Select **Keymap: US (QWERTY)** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 8:** On **Welcome to XenServer Setup** → Press **Enter** to continue.

**Step 9:** In **End User Agreement (EUA)** → Select **Accept** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 10:** In **System Firmware** → Select **OK**.

**Step 11:** Select **Primary Disk** → Press **OK**.

**Step 12:** Choose **Virtual Machine Storage Type** → Press **OK**.

**Step 13:** Select **Installation Source: Local Media** → Skip verification → Click **OK**.

**Step 14:** Set a **6-digit root password** (e.g., 123456) → Click **OK**.

**Step 15:** Keep default settings for other options → Navigate using **OK**.

**Step 16:** Select **Region: Asia** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 17:** Select **City: Kolkata** → Press **Enter**.

**Step 18:** Keep default keyboard settings → Click **OK**.

**Step 19:** Click **Install XenServer** → Select **No** when prompted to reboot → VM will restart.

**Step 20:** After reboot, a panel with system information will appear.

**Step 21:** Install **XenCenter Application** → Click **Next** → Click **Install** → Click **Next** → Finish installation.

**Step 22:** Open **XenCenter** → Click **Add New Server** → Enter the IP address of the XenServer VM → Enter the 6-digit root password set previously (123456) → Click **Add**.

**Step 23:** Share ISO file over network:

* Go to the base machine → Right-click ISO file (e.g., Windows Server 2022) → Share → Select **Everyone** → Set permission **Read/Write** → Click **Share** → Copy the shared path (e.g., `\\Downloads\Windows_server2022`).

**Step 24:** In XenCenter → Click **New Storage** → Select **Windows File Sharing (SMB/CIFS)** → Click **Next**.

**Step 25:** Name storage **PRACTICAL FILES** → Click **Next** → Paste the network-shared path → Click **OK**.

**Step 26:** Click **New VM** → Select **Windows Server 2022 (64-bit)** → Choose ISO image from shared storage → Click **Next** → Click **Next** → Click **Next** → Click **Create Now**.

**Step 27:** Select the VM → Navigate to **Console Tab** → Click **Install** → Install Windows Server inside XenServer VM.

**Expected Output:**

* XenServer is successfully installed and managed via XenCenter.
* A new Windows Server 2022 VM is created and can be installed from the shared ISO.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## **PRACTICAL 6: Implementing Hypervisor**

**Aim:**
To implement a Hypervisor using Hyper-V Manager and create a virtual machine.

**Requirements:**

* Hyper-V Manager (built-in Windows feature)
* Windows Server 2022 ISO

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Search **“Turn Windows features on or off”** in the Windows search bar.

**Step 2:** Check the **Hyper-V** option → Click **OK** → The system will restart to apply changes.

**Step 3:** After restart, open **Hyper-V Manager**.

**Step 4:** In Hyper-V Manager → Click **New → Virtual Machine**.

**Step 5:** Click **Next** on the introduction screen.

**Step 6:** Name the VM as **“NEW VIRTUAL MACHINE”** → Click **Next**.

**Step 7:** Select **Generation 1** → Click **Next**.

**Step 8:** Set **Startup Memory** to **1024 MB** → Click **Next**.

**Step 9:** Keep the default settings for **Configure Networking** → Click **Next**.

**Step 10:** Select **“Create a virtual hard disk”** → Provide a name, location, and set size to **127 GB** → Click **Next**.

**Step 11:** Select **“Install an operating system from a bootable CD/DVD-ROM”** → Choose **Image file (.ISO)** → Browse and select **WindowsServer2022.iso** → Click **Next**.

**Step 12:** Review the settings → Click **Finish**.

**Step 13:** Select the newly created VM → Click **Start** → Connect to the VM → Begin Windows installation.

**Expected Output:**

* Hyper-V is enabled on the system.
* A new virtual machine named **NEW VIRTUAL MACHINE** is created and ready to install Windows Server 2022.

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## **PRACTICAL 7: Implementing OpenNebula**

**Aim:**
To implement OpenNebula for cloud resource management using Oracle VM VirtualBox.

**Requirements:**

* Oracle VM VirtualBox
* OpenNebula Appliance (OVA/ISO)

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Open **Oracle VM VirtualBox** → Click **New** to create a virtual machine.

**Step 2:** Provide a **Name** (e.g., OpenNebula Server) → Set **Type: Linux**, **Version: Ubuntu (64-bit)** → Click **Next**.

**Step 3:** Allocate **Memory (RAM): 4096 MB** → Click **Next**.

**Step 4:** Select **Create a Virtual Hard Disk Now** → Click **Create** → Choose **VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image)** → Click **Next**.

**Step 5:** Set **Dynamically allocated** storage → Set size **40 GB** → Click **Create**.

**Step 6:** Select the VM → Click **Settings → Storage** → Under Controller: IDE → Add Optical Drive → Choose OpenNebula OVA/ISO file → Click **OK**.

**Step 7:** Start the VM → Follow the OpenNebula installation wizard.

**Step 8:** Configure network settings:

* Set IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.50)
* Set Gateway (e.g., 192.168.1.1)
* Set DNS (e.g., 8.8.8.8)

**Step 9:** Complete installation and log in to the OpenNebula Web Interface using provided credentials.

**Step 10:** Launch a new instance:

* Click **Create Virtual Machine** → Provide **Name, CPU, Memory, and Storage** → Select the OS template → Click **Instantiate**.

**Expected Output:**

* OpenNebula server is installed successfully in VirtualBox.
* Users can manage and deploy virtual machines via the OpenNebula Web Interface.

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## **PRACTICAL 8: Implementing Amazon Web Services (AWS)**

**Aim:**
To implement a simple web application on AWS using Eclipse, Tomcat, and JSP to generate a Fibonacci series.

**Requirements:**

* Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers
* Apache Tomcat 10.1
* Java Development Kit (JDK)
* JSP knowledge

**Steps:**

**Step 1:** Install **Apache Tomcat 10.1** on your PC. Ensure it is working properly.

**Step 2:** Install **Eclipse IDE** from its official website.

**Step 3:** Launch Eclipse.

**Step 4:** Create a new **Dynamic Web Project**:

* Go to **File → New → Dynamic Web Project**
* Name the project **AWS** → Click **Next**

**Step 5:** Configure **Target Runtime**:

* Click **New Runtime → Apache → Apache Tomcat v10.1 → Next**
* Browse to the Tomcat installation folder (e.g., `C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 10.1`)
* Click **Finish**

**Step 6:** Ensure the **Project Explorer** is visible (Windows → Show View → Project Explorer).

**Step 7:** Create **JSP files**:

* Right-click on **src → New → JSP File**
* Create **NewFile.jsp** and **Fibonacci.jsp** → Click **Next → Finish**

**Step 8:** Add code to **NewFile.jsp**:

```jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Fibonacci Input</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="Fibonacci.jsp">
    Enter a value for n: <input type="text" name="val">
    <input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
```

**Step 9:** Add code to **Fibonacci.jsp**:

```jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Fibonacci Series</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
    int n;
    String str;
    
    int fibo(int num) {
        if(num < 2)
            return num;
        else
            return fibo(num-1) + fibo(num-2);
    }
%>
<b>Fibonacci series:</b><br>
<%
    str = request.getParameter("val");
    n = Integer.parseInt(str);
    
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        out.print(fibo(i) + " ");
    }
%>
</body>
</html>
```

**Step 10:** Run the project on **Tomcat Server** → Open the browser → Enter a number in the input field → Click **Submit**.

**Expected Output:**

* A web page will display the **Fibonacci series** for the entered number.

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